The cathode material plays a fundamental role in the performance of lithium-ion batteries. These materials are responsible for the storage of lithium ions during the cycling process. A wide range of materials has been explored for cathode applications, with each offering unique attributes. Some common examples include lithium cobalt oxide (LiCoO2)

The electronic properties of graphene suspensions are heavily influenced by their dispersion relations. These relations describe the relationship between the energy and momentum of collective excitations in the system. By manipulating various parameters such as particle concentration, solvent viscosity, and surface functionalization, one can adjust